by Kevin Freitas
Anne Ellaway, Sally Macintyre and Xavier Bonnefoy may not be household names to you and me, and you’re not likely to know what they do as a profession – Ellaway and Macintyre are the Senior researcher and Director of the MRC Social and Public Health Services Unit, at the University of Glasgow and Bonnefoy is the Regional adviser for WHO European Centre for Environment and Health in Bonn, Germany. However, they just might know what leads to obesity in adults, other than the classic reason which is the imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure, but you add to that the newest factor they have surmised is tipping the balance and you get - GRAFFITI ! Yep, you read it here first folks.
The co-authors findings were published in 2005 by the BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. which is part of the BMA or British Medical Association. The authors hypothesized that “areas which are pleasant with lots of greenery and few incivilities might encourage people to take exercise and thereby influence levels of obesity.”
(BMJ, doi:10.1136/bmj.38575.664549.F7)
Those “incivilities” they’re referring to would be in short, litter, graffiti and dog shit. Most of the data that they based their study on came from the LARES study (Large Analysis of European Housing and Health Status) realized in 2002-3 and conducted in eight European countries “varying in their wealth, culture, and history.” The eight cities and countries were Angers, France; Bonn, Germany; Bratislava, Slovakia; Budapest, Hungary; Ferreira do Alentejo, Portugal; Forli, Italy; Geneva, Switzerland and Vilnius, Lithuania.
Continue reading "That's Phat!" »